Bài 1

Cho a , b , c > 0 . CM : \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\le\frac{a\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{b}+\frac{b\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{c}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a}\)

\(=\frac{a^2c}{b}+a^2+ab+ac+\frac{b^2\left(a+b\right)}{c}+b^2+ab+c^2+bc+\frac{cb\left(b+c\right)}{a}\)

Mặt khác : \(\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)=a^2+ac+c^2+3b^2+3ab+3bc\)

Do đó ta cần chứng minh :

\(\frac{a^2c}{b}+\frac{b^2\left(a+b\right)}{c}+\frac{cb\left(b+c\right)}{a}\ge2b^2+2bc+ab\left(2\right)\)

\(VT=\frac{a^2c}{b}+\frac{b^2\left(a+b\right)}{c}+\frac{cb\left(b+c\right)}{a}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a^2c}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a^2c}{b}+\frac{c^2b}{a}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^2b}{a}\right)+b^2\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\)

\(\ge ab+\sqrt{ac^3}+\sqrt{\frac{b^4c}{a}}+2b^2\ge ab+2bc+2b^2=VP\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a=b=c

Bài 2 :

Vì x , y , z > 0 ta có :

Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si đối với 2 số dương \(\frac{x^2}{y+z}\) và \(\frac{y+z}{4}\)

ta được :

\(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y+z}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y+z}.\frac{y+z}{4}}=2.\frac{x}{2}=x\left(1\right)\) .

Tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{x+z}{4}\ge y\left(2\right);\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\ge z\left(3\right)\)

Cộng theo vế (1) , (2) và (3) ta được :
\(\left(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\right)+\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge x+y+z\Rightarrow P\ge\left(x+xy+z\right)-\frac{x+y+z}{2}=1\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)

Vậy \(P=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)

Bài 3 :

Theo gt \(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}\le1\Rightarrow\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}\le1-\frac{a}{1+a}=\frac{1}{a+1}\)

Do b > 0 ; c>0 . Nên theo bất đẳng thức Co - si ta có :
\(\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}>0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}>0\left(1\right)\)

Chứng minh tương tự ta có :

\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ac}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)}}>0\left(2\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{1+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}}>0\left(3\right)\)

Từ (1) , (2) và (3) ta chứng minh được :

\(\frac{1}{1+a}.\frac{1}{1+b}.\frac{1}{1+c}\ge8\frac{abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\Rightarrow1\ge8abc\Rightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{8}\Rightarrowđpcm\)

\(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)+y^2+z^2=36\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)+y^2+z^2=36\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(y+z\right)^2\le36\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left[4x^2-4x\left(y+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)^2\right]\le36\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(2x-y-z\right)^2\le36\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le36-\frac{1}{2}\left(2x-y-z\right)^2\le36\)

\(\Rightarrow-6\le x+y+z\le6\)

\(A_{min}=-6\) khi \(x=y=z=-2\)

\(A_{max}=6\) khi \(x=y=z=2\)

a) Chứng minh được BĐT \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)(*)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b

Áp dụng BĐT (*) vào bài toán ta có:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+2y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+y+2z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)

Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT (*) ta có:

\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right);\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right);\frac{1}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\cdot\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=1\)

\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)

b) áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)ta có:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\\\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{b+c-a+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\\\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\end{cases}}\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT ta có:

\(2VT\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}=2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=2VP\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c

a) 

Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức

b)

Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{m}+\frac{1}{n}\ge\frac{4}{m+n}\)

c)

Viết giả thiết lại thành \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)sau đó làm như câu a

EZ game

\(3-P=1-\frac{x}{x+1}+1-\frac{y}{y+1}+1-\frac{z}{z+1}\)

\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}=\frac{9}{1+3}=\frac{9}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

2/\(LHS\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+\frac{1+b+c}{3}+\frac{1+c+a}{3}+\frac{1+a+b}{3}}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Bài 1 : 

\(P=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\)

Thay \(x+y+z=1\)vào biểu thức 

\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{x}{2x+y+z}+\frac{y}{x+2y+z}+\frac{z}{x+y+2z}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\forall a,b>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{2x+y+z}=\frac{x}{x+y+x+z}\le\frac{x}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\\\frac{y}{x+2y+z}=\frac{y}{x+y+y+z}\le\frac{y}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\\\frac{z}{x+y+2z}=\frac{z}{x+z+y+z}\le\frac{z}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{x}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)+\frac{y}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)

\(+\frac{z}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{x}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{x}{4\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{z}{4\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{4\left(y+z\right)}\)

\(+\frac{z}{4\left(y+z\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{x+y}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{x+z}{4\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y+z}{4\left(y+z\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{4}\)

Vậy \(P_{max}=\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)

Chúc bạn học tốt !!!

B3 mk tìm đc cách giải r nhưng bạn nào muốn thì trả lời cg đc

Các bạn giải giúp mình B2 và B5 nhé. Mấy bài kia mình giải được rồi.